Manufacture of dispersions of insoluble compounds



- or containing organic dior polycyclic Patented May 22, 1934 MANUFACTURE OF DISPEBSIONS or INSOLUBLE comrourms George Holland Ellis,

Ernest William Kirk, England,

assignors to Celanese Henry Charles Olpin, and

Spondon, near Derby, Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Original application September 4',

1929, Serial No.

- plication May 5,

Great Britain 2 31 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of dispersions and to the dyeing, printing, stencilling or otherwise colouring of materials made of derivatives of r In U. S. application S. No. 390,424 filed 4th September, 1929, of which this is a divisionalapplication, there is described amanufacture of water-soluble sulphonated condensation products by the interaction of an aromatic compound, whether carbocyclic or heterocyclic, a sulphcnating agen and a natural resin, or product derived from a natural resin, such for'example as hydrolysis products e. g. resin acids, or products of esterification. The three components, aromatic compound, resin and sulphonatmg agent are caused to interact in' any convenient manner, for instance they are caused to interact simultaneously, or anytwo are caused to interact and the product of such interaction caused to react with the third component.

The manufacture of these compounds is found to be best efiected by sulphonating an aromatic compound with sulphuric acid of suitable strength and then causing the product to react with a resin'either in the same solution, after suitable adjustment of the concentration of the acid, or as a separate operation. The sulphonation of the aromatic compound may, however, be effected simultaneously with the reaction with the resin, for example a mixture of an aromatic compound and a resin may be heated with the sulphonating agent.

As aromatic compounds which may be used in preparing the sulphonated condensation products may be mentioned aromatic hydro-carbons or heterocyclic aromatic compounds, especially compounds, for example naphcarbazole or crude products containing them, aromatic hydroxy compounds or crude products containing them, halogenated aromatic compounds, or the sulphonic acids of any of the aforementioned compounds. These products either in the form of free acids or in the form of their water-soluble salts, e. g. their alkali or ammonium salts, yield solutions of a" colloidal nature and they have been found to be valuable dispersing or wetting agents.

According to the present invention the sulphonated condensation products prepared according to U. -S. application S. No. 390,424 are employed for making dispersions or insoluble substances, for examp e insoluble organic compounds, particularly colouring matters, and these dispersions utilized in the colouration ofrnaterials made thalene, anthracene, or

390,424. Divided 1931, Serial No. September 8, 1928 vantage .lulose esters, for example cellulose ethers, is

and this apof or containing organic derivatives of cellulose. The term insoluble as used 'in the description and appendant claims in referring to substances to be dispersed, includes substances which are difficultly soluble.

The dispersion may by mixing or grinding the insoluble or diflicultly soluble substance with the dispersing agent in the nae or'absence of water or by forming, libprese crating, or precipitating them in the presence of the dispersing agent, whereby preparations in liquid, paste, solid or powdered form maybe produced as required. The dispersing action may also be assisted by the application of heat. The aqueous preparations may if desired be treated for the removal by evaporation or otherwise. Other protective colloids may be added to the preparations in order to increase theinstability'or for other purposes.

In some cases, and sions of insoluble organic compounds, for example insoluble colouring matters, are required, the dispersing action may be assisted by the addition of an auxiliary substance capable of exerting a solvent action on the compound to be dispersed, for instance, the auxiliary solvents specified in United States patent specifications No. 1,690,481 and 1,803,008 in connection with insoluble or difficultly soluble colouring matters for cellulose acetate.

The new condensation products, as indicated above, are also applicable as wetting agents. They may for example be added to any liquids to facilitate the wetting of textile and other materials or substances therewith, or be mixed with dry powdered substances or the like tofacilitate wetting, solution, dispersio or the like on treatment with liquids.

The new dispersing and wetting agents, as compared with resin soaps, the use of which as dispersing agents for insoluble colouring matters for cellulose acetate is described in United States patent specification No. 1,716,721, have the adof better solubility and greater stability of acids or of calcium or other salts present in hard water. In the solid state the new condensation products form white to grey powders, and solve in water yielding solutions nature.

in the presence invention, the color containing celcellulose acetate, or by a process comprisbe effected for example,

of part or the whole of the water particularly when disperno i 2 1,959,353 ing the application thereto by dyeing, printing, stuffs made and theaflinity of the respective stehcilling or otherwise, of insoluble or diflicultly fibres therefor.

\ The following examples illustrate the invention which haveaflinity for cellulose esters or ethers but are not to be regarded as in any way limiting and which have been converted into finely dis- 1t. 80

persed form by the new process, namely, by treat- Example 1 ment with an agent comprising one or more of the aforesaid new sulphonated resino-aromatic 500 parts of naphthalene are mixed with 500 products. parts of sulphuric acid monohydrate, and heated The dispersions of the organic compounds or slowly to 160 C., and stirred at this temperature 85 colouring matters may be produced in the dyefor hours. The mixture is then allowed to baths, printing pastes, etc. themselves or may be cool to C., and 200 parts of water are run in prepared from more concentrated liquid, paste, so slowly, that the temperature does not rise solid, or powdered preparations containing the above C. At this temperature 200 parts of substances and dispersing agent by suitable'diluresin (colophony) are slowly added, and when tion with water with or without addition of furall is in and the frothing has subsided, the mixther quantities of dispersing agent and/or pro ture is slowly heated to C., and kept at this tective colloids. temperature for 6 to 8 hours. The batch is then Any insoluble or difilcultly soluble colouring cooledjdiluted with 300 parts of water and partly matter or organic compound having an aiiinity neutralized with 200 parts of 40% caustic soda 95 esses. In the case of dyeing by the azoic or deferred to as resino-naphthalene sulphonic acid, velopment process, the base may be applied first separates. The precipitate is filtered, washed 109 may be applied separately or together and the I colour produced by subsequent diazotization on Emmple 2 the-material Either the base or the developer 500 parts benzene are heated with 1100' parts or both may be applied in the form of dispersions of 96% sul huric acid and refluxed with stirring obtained with the aid of the new dispersing agents. for 3 hours. The mixture is cooled to and As instances of suitable bodies maybe mentioned 50 parts of finely powdered resin are added in 110 415, 1,694,414, and 1,679,935, and British Patents a little resinougmatter. Nos. 239,470, 263,260 and 283,081, the coloring After allowing to cool the acid is partly new matters of British Patents 299,349 and tralized with 1000 parts 30% caustic soda solution 929 containing one or more'kem-acidyl groups and about 500 parts salt added whereby the and particularly aceto -acetyl groups, the nitroresino-benzene sulphonic acid separates out and diarylamines Specified 111 Bml'sh Patent after a time is filtered off, washed with brine and 550, the unsulphonated thiazole derivatives of dried ing the xanthene or thioxanthene nucleus of Example 3 i 500 parts phenol are sulphonated by heating 5 figfi figgg 310827 cmtammg the antnra with 1400 parts of sulphuric acid at 110" c. until Though the n'rocess of the invention has been a test portion is soluble in cold water. After cool- 1 d a i ing to "IO-80 C. 50 parts of powdered resin are more Partlcuarly described leersnce m we added and the mixture'stirred on the water bath for two hours. The resulting mixture is then 3w poured on to 3000 parts of ice, filtered and partly neutralized with 1000 parts of 30% caustic soda solution; 500 parts of salt added and stirred until cool, when the resino-phenol sulphonate sepproduct known as immunized cotton obtained by gifig fg ig g ggzgf premphate Whmh 15 Though specific reference has been made only orcotton or other cellulosic fibres, natural or products of estfilfification, n that ph at n M5 and causing it to react in the goods entered. The

least one aromatic nucleus of insoluble coloring one aromatic Example 4 v To obtain a blue violet shade on 100 lbs. of cellulose acetate woven fabric. 1 lb. of l-amino- 4-methylaminoanthraquinone is ground with 3 lbs. of the dry sodium salt of resino-naphthalene sulphonic acid and well stirred into 10 gallons of boiling water. The dyestufi dispersion thus obtained is strained into a bath of 300 gallons of water in a suitable dyeing machine and the goods entered at 25-30 C. The temperature is raised over half an hour at this temperature for one hour. then carefully lifted, rinsed and wise treated as requisite.

. Example 5 To obtain a red shade on 10 lbs. of cellulose acetate yarn in hankform, 1 /2 ounces of l-methylaminoanthraquinone are ground with 6 ounces of resino-naphthalene sodium sulphonate, and sufficient water to make a thin cream. This is well stirred into 30 gallons of 'water at 30-35" C. and temperature is raised very slowly to 75-80 C. and the goods worked until the desired shade is attained. The hanks are then lifted, rinsed and dried, or treated in any other desired manner.

By the term "colouring matter compound employed in the claims is meant compounds which are themselves colouring matters or converted into colouring matters on the fibre.

What we claim and desire to secure ters Patent is:- 1

1. Process for the manufacture of dispersions of insoluble cooring matter compounds, which comprises treating comprising a water-soluble sulphonated con densation product of a compound containing at capable of sulphonation and a substance selected from the group consisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis and esterification products.

2. Process for the manufacture of dispersions matter compounds, which comprises treating said coloring matter compounds with an agent comprising a water-soluble sulphonasted condensation product of a sulphonated aromatic compound containing at least nucleus capable of sulphonation and a'substance selected from the group consisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis and esterification products.

3. Process for the ma ufacture of dispersions of insoluble coloring matter compounds, which comprises treating said coloring matter compounds with an agent comprising a water-soluble sulphonated condensation product obtained by sulphonating a compound containing at least one aromatic nucleus capable of sulphonation the sulphonation mixture with a substance selected from the group consisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis and esteriiication products.

4. Process for the manufacture of dispersions of insoluble substances, which comprises treating said substances with an agent comprising a watersolublesulphonated condensation product of naphthalene and a substance selected from the group consisting oi. natural resins and their hydrolysis and esterification products.

5. Process for the manufacture of of insoluble substances, which comprises treating dried or otherby Letstance selected from said substances with an agent comprising a water-soluble sulphonated condensation sulphonated naphthalene and a substance selected from the group consisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis-arid esterification products.

6. Process for the manufacture of dispersions of insoluble substances, which comprises treating said substances with an agent comprising a we.- ter-soluble sulphonated condensation product obtained by sulphonating'naphthalene and causing it to react in the sulphonation'mixlture with a substance selected from the group consisting of product of natural resins and their hydrolysis and esteriflcation products.

'7. Process of insoluble comprises treating pounds with an agent comprising a water-soluble salt of a sulphonatedcondensationproduct of a compound containing at least one aromatic nucleus capable of sulphonation and a substance selected from the group consisting of natural resins and their products.

8. Process for the manufacture of dispersions of insoluble coloring matter compounds, which comprises treating said coloring matter compounds wirth an agent comprising a water-soluble sulphonated condensation product of a compound containing at least one aromatic nucleus capable of sulphonation with a substance selected from the group consisting of colophony and its hydrolysis and esteriflcation products.

9. Processfor the manufacture of dispersions of insoluble coloring matter compounds which comprises treating said compounds with an agent comprising a water-soluble sulphonated condensatlon. product of naphthalene with a subthe group consisting of colophony and its hydrolysis and esterification products.

10. Compositions of matter comprising insoluble substances together with water-soluble condensation products of sulphonated naphthalene withsubstances selected from the group consisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis and esterification products.

11. Compositions of matter comprising insoluble organic compounds together with water-soluble condensation products of sulphonated naphthalene with substances selected from the group consisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis and esterification products. I

12. Compositions of matter comprising insoluble coloring matter compounds together with water-soluble sulphonated condensation products of one aromatic 15. Compositions of matter comprising insoluhydrolysis and esterificationble coloring maztters together with water-soluble the group cpnsisting of natural resins and their condensation productsof sulphonated naphthalene hydrolysis and esterification products. t with substances selected from the group consist- 24. Process for the coloration of materials coming of natural resins and their hydrolysis and prising organic derivatives of cellulose, which esterification products. comprises applying thereto an insoluble color- 16. Compositions of matter comprising insolu=- ing matter in the form of a dispersion obtained ble coloring matter compounds together with with the aid of a salt oi a water-soluble conwater-soluble salts of sulphonated condensation densation product of a compound containing at substances selected from the group consisting consisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis of natural resins and their hydrolysis andesterand esterification products.

ification products. 25. Process for the coloration of materials com- 17. A composition of matter comprising an inprising organic derivatives of cellulose which comsoluble coloring matter compound together with prises applying thereto an insoluble coloring matcolophony and its hydrolysis and esterification cleus capable of sulp'honation with a substance not of naphthalene with a substance selected from rises applying. thereto an insoluble coloring matcomprises app y n th o an insoluble colorconsisting of colophony and its hydrolysis and ter-soluble condensation products of compounds of insoluble substances, which comprises treatqontammg at least one aromatic nucleus capable ing said substances with an agent comprising a 0f sulllhonation w Substances elected f om water-soluble sulphonated conde sation product h oupconsisting of natural resins and their of an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon and hydrolysis and esterification products.- a substance selected-from the'group consisting 20. Process, for the coloration of materials comof natural-resins and their hydrolysis and esterprising organic derivatives of cellulose, which ification products. 1

comprises applying thereto an insoluble coloring 28. Process for themanufacture ofdispersions matter in the form of a dispersion obta ned by of insoluble coloring matter compounds, which treating the compound with water-soluble concomprises treatingsaid compounds with 0 agent and esterification productsdrolysis and esterification products. 21. rocess for the coloration of materials com- 29. Process for the manufacture of dispersions compound with Water-solub condensation D product of an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarllcts Compounds containing at least one arobon and a substance selected from the group conmatic nucleus capable of sulphonation with comsisting of natural resins and their hydrolysis and pounds selected from the group consisting of esterification r du t natural resins and 'their'hydrolysis and "ester- 30; Compositions of matter comprising'insoluification products. i 22. Process for the coloration materials comphonated condensation products of an unsubstip i Organic derivatives ce11u1 's which tuted aromatic hydrocarbon with substances secomprises applying thereto an insoluble colorm t th group-consisting of natural resnatural resins and their hydrolysis and esterwater-soluble sulpho'nated condensation products fic n Pr d a C of unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon with sub 23 Process for-the coloration of materials comstances selected .from the group consisting of form of a dispersion obtained by treatment with GEORGE HOLLAND a water-soluble condensation product of sulpho- V HENRY CHARLES OLPDI. nated naphthalene with a substance selected from ERNEST WILLIAM KIRK. 

